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¿Luchar contra la pobreza o a favor de la riqueza?

¿Luchar contra la pobreza o a favor de la riqueza?

La pregunta no es inocente, porque dependiendo de cómo formulemos la pregunta, nos dará una respuesta u otra.

 

Los intervencionistas suelen tener una visión estática de la riqueza. Creen que la riqueza existe, sin más, y que lo que hay que hacer es repartirla adecuadamente. Así, la pobreza se solucionaría con un adecuado reparto de esa riqueza y por eso proponen transferir el 0,7% del PIB de los países ricos a los pobres. Es todo tan fácil y sencillo que les debe resultar desesperante que algo tan simple no se haga.

 

Lamentablemente, la verdad no es tan simple. La riqueza no es estática sino dinámica. Todos los días millones de acciones individuales y colectivas crean y destruyen riqueza. La riqueza no la crean los Estados (nunca lo han hecho). La riqueza la crean los individuos con su trabajo y su esfuerzo y necesitan un marco estable y una seguridad de que van a poder disfrutar del fruto de su esfuerzo. Transferir fondos sin que haya condiciones de libertad, seguridad jurídica, propiedad privada y libre comercio es como echar agua en la arena: y esto es lo que Europa y el mundo más desarrollado ha estado haciendo en Africa. Transferir fondos en enormes cantidades, de los que sólo una parte llegaba a sus destinatarios finales, y cerrar las puertas al comercio. Nos empeñamos en darles peces y en no dejarles pescar. Es una visión estabularia de los pobres: los alimentamos, les damos medicinas, incluso algo de educación, pero no queremos que compitan con nosotros. No les permitimos comerciar y, por lo tanto, desarrollarse ellos mismos.

 

Yo les deseo algo mejor. Les deseo que la globalización que sí ha llegado a Asia, llegue también a Africa: que puedan comerciar y competir con nosotros, que puedan hacerse ricos, que puedan superarnos en nivel de desarrollo y riqueza si su trabajo e inteligencia lo merecen. Yo deseo un mundo de iguales en la oportunidad, en la riqueza y en la libertad. Que el comercio nos haga mutuamente más ricos e interdependientes y nos olvidemos del paternalismo fracasado. En siguientes posts explicaré de qué modo ha fracasado el modelo intervencionista, las pocas experiencias positivas de libertad en Africa y mi propuesta para Africa.

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Ignacio Alvo -

Muchas gracias por tus ánimos. La verdad es que últimamente estoy poco motivado para escribir, pero intentaré ponerme las pilas.

Un saludo

Daniela -

De verdad,tu blog es de los más interesantes que he leido.
Confio que seguirás escribiendo más y por lo tanto haceptando muchas visitas.